What Is The Obesity Paradox
Although obesity increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, overweight or obese patients with several types of CVD may have a better prognosis, known as the "obesity paradox".
Obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, but overweight or obese individuals with certain types of CVD may have a better prognosis, referred to as the "obesity paradox".
What is the 'obesity paradox'?
The obesity paradox is the phenomenon whereby obese patients may have better survival rates during acute cardiovascular events, despite being at higher risk for developing cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease.
What are the paradoxes of hunger and poverty?
The paradoxes of hunger and poverty include the co-existence of both hunger and obesity in the same households and communities, which can result from limited access to nutritious food and lack of awareness about healthy food choices.
Does smoking and reverse causation create an obesity paradox in cardiovascular disease?
According to a study published in the journal Obesity, smoking and reverse causation may contribute to the obesity paradox in cardiovascular disease. The paradox refers to the unexpected finding that despite being a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, obesity may have a protective effect in certain patient populations. The study suggests that not fully accounting for the effects of smoking and reverse causation in research may lead to biased estimates of the mortality risks of obesity.
Is selection bias an explanation for the obesity paradox?
The paper "Commentary: selection bias as an explanation for the obesity paradox: just because it's possible doesn't mean it's plausible" argues against selection bias as an explanation for the obesity paradox. The authors suggest that just because it is possible that selection bias could explain the paradox, it does not necessarily make it a plausible explanation. Meanwhile, Flegal et al. (2007) conducted a study on the obesity paradox to explore the association between weight and mortality.
Obesity is linked to a higher likelihood of developing metabolic diseases and cardiovascular disease. The accumulation of body fat can lead to issues such as atrial enlargement, ventricular enlargement, and atherosclerosis, according to Dr. Harold Bays.
Is obesity a risk factor for heart disease?
Obesity is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, increasing the likelihood of developing metabolic disorders and heart disease. Body fat can cause enlargement of the heart's atria and ventricles and contribute to atherosclerosis, leading to higher risk for heart disease.
How does obesity affect the cardiovascular system?
Obesity affects the cardiovascular system and predisposes to several cardiac complications such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, and sudden death. The pathophysiology of these conditions due to obesity will be discussed.
Is cardiovascular disease on the rise?
Cardiovascular disease has been steadily increasing over the past 30 years, resulting in one-third of all global deaths in 2019.
Is obesity a risk factor for CVD?
Obesity is a risk factor for CVD, including coronary heart disease, as evidenced by epidemiologic studies and the strong association between metabolic syndrome and CVD.
Obesity is linked to several risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, being classified as overweight or obese may offer a better prognosis for some types of cardiovascular disease, which is known as the "obesity paradox".
The connection between poverty and obesity is linked to hunger and food insecurity, which can result in malnutrition. This paradox of food insecurity as a cause of obesity is driven by various factors, including a lack of access to healthy food options, limited physical activity, and stress. Programs that address food security are crucial in mitigating these issues, but it is also the responsibility of professionals to advocate for policies that address poverty and its determinants.
What is the connection between hunger and poverty?
Hunger and poverty are strongly interconnected. Poverty can lead to hunger since people lack access to adequate nutrition, while hunger can also deepen poverty by affecting people's health and productivity. In many cases, hunger and poverty are exacerbated by other factors like climate change, conflict, and forced migration. Concern Worldwide uses a framework developed by UNICEF to address these issues and work towards ending extreme poverty and hunger.
What is the relationship between poverty and obesity?
Poverty and obesity are interconnected, as poverty leads to food insecurity and hunger, which can result in malnutrition. The lack of a diverse and nutrient-dense diet can cause overnutrition, leading to obesity and micronutrient deficiencies.
What is rank's new book 'the poverty paradox' about?
Rank's new book, The Poverty Paradox: Understanding Economic Hardship Amid American Prosperity, focuses on exploring and understanding the persistence of economic hardship in the midst of American prosperity. The book offers a sociological approach to analyzing poverty and inequality, bringing much-needed rigor to an issue that is often reduced to political slogans or oversimplified newspaper snapshots.
What are the effects of poverty?
Poverty can result in food insecurity, hunger, malnutrition, obesity, and failure to meet micronutrient requirements.
The research supports the theory that reduced mortality rates in individuals with cardiovascular disease and overweight/obesity may be due to biases from reverse causation and confounding by smoking.
What is the relationship between smoking and obesity?
There is a relationship between smoking and obesity. Smoking increases the risk of various diseases, while obesity is a leading cause of death globally and is associated with several health conditions including diabetes and heart disease.
Does smoking increase the risk of obesity and insulin resistance?
Smoking increases the risk of obesity and insulin resistance, which is a major concern given the worldwide obesity epidemic and high prevalence of smoking. Both smoking and obesity are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally.
Is illness-associated weight loss more prevalent among smokers than among never-smokers?
The study found that successive restrictions to reduce reverse causal pathways eliminate the obesity paradox among smokers, indicating a greater source of bias in illness-associated weight loss among smokers compared to never-smokers. The prevalence of illness-associated weight loss was not specifically addressed in the study.
Are former smokers more likely to be obese?
According to a cross-sectional study, former smokers have a higher likelihood of being obese compared to both current smokers and never smokers. The adjusted odds ratio for obesity was 1.33 (95% CI 1.30-1.37) for former smokers, whereas it was 1.14 (95% CI 1.12-1.15) for never smokers.
The possibility of selection bias as a contributing factor to the obesity paradox is not mentioned in the current discussion. Selection bias arises when the likelihood of being included in a research sample is affected by the exposure or outcome, or other factors that are causally linked to the two. This may affect the observed association between obesity and health outcomes.
Is selection bias a plausible explanation for the obesity paradox?
This commentary article questions the plausibility of selection bias as an explanation for the obesity paradox. The authors argue that just because it is possible, it does not necessarily mean it is a credible explanation.
Is collider stratification bias a plausible explanation for the obesity paradox?
The statement suggests that sensitivity analysis provides evidence that collider stratification bias could be a valid reason for the obesity paradox.
Does conditioning on disease enhance biases in estimating the mortality risks of obesity?
According to a study published in Epidemiology, conditioning on disease can increase biases in estimating the mortality risks associated with obesity, challenging the notion of the "obesity paradox". Another study published in the International Journal of Obesity suggests that the paradox may not exist at all.
Is obesity a paradox?
The idea of an "obesity paradox" in cancer outcomes is questioned as it presents a logical fallacy. While cancer-specific survival may be higher in obese patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), overall survival is lower in obese RCC patients.
